{"id":2926,"date":"2025-05-29T08:30:00","date_gmt":"2025-05-29T00:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/?p=2926"},"modified":"2025-05-28T16:32:38","modified_gmt":"2025-05-28T08:32:38","slug":"pcb-manufacturing-process-flow","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627.<\/p><div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"402\" src=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Make-PCB-4.jpg\" alt=\"\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\" class=\"wp-image-2927\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Make-PCB-4.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Make-PCB-4-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Make-PCB-4-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_74 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#Detailed_Breakdown_of_Core_PCB_Manufacturing_Processes\" >\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#1_Panel_Cutting_CUT_The_Precision_Starting_Point\" >1.\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 (CUT):\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#2_Inner_Layer_Dry_Film_Imaging_Creating_Precise_Circuit_Patterns\" >2. \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641\u0629: \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#Surface_Preparation_Panel_Scrubbing\" >\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d (\u0641\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#Dry_Film_Lamination\" >\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#Exposure\" >\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#Development\" >\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#Etching\" >\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0634<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#Strip\" >\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#3_Brown_Oxide_Treatment_Enhancing_Interlayer_Bonding\" >3.\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a:\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#4_Lamination_Forming_Multilayer_Structures\" >4.\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d:\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#5_Drilling_Creating_Precision_Interconnects\" >5.\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631:\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#6_Electroless_Copper_Deposition_PTH_Critical_Hole_Metallization\" >6. \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a (PTH): \u062a\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#PTH_Process_Flow\" >\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 PTH<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#7_Outer_Layer_Pattern_Transfer\" >7.\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#8_Solder_Mask_Circuit_Protection_Layer\" >8.\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645: \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#9_Surface_Finish_Balancing_Solderability_and_Durability\" >9.\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#10_Routing_Precision_Outline_Fabrication\" >10.\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647:\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#11_Electrical_Testing_Final_Quality_Gate\" >11.\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a: \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#12_Final_Inspection_Packaging\" >12. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#PCB_Manufacturing_FAQ_Q_A\" >\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 (\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0628\u0629)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#Q1_Why_does_my_PCB_experience_copper_peeling_after_soldering\" >\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 1: \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u061f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#Q2_How_to_address_layer-to-layer_misregistration_in_multilayer_PCBs\" >\u06332: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#Q3_How_to_resolve_rough_hole_walls_in_small_holes\" >\u06333: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 (0.2 \u0645\u0645)\u061f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#Q4_How_should_solder_mask_openings_be_designed_for_BGA_areas\" >\u06334: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 BGA\u061f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#Q5_Why_does_ENIG_plating_sometimes_result_in_%E2%80%9CBlack_Pad%E2%80%9D_How_to_prevent_it\" >\u06335: \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d ENIG \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621&#8220;\u061f \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u061f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#Q6_How_to_address_signal_integrity_issues_in_high-speed_PCBs\" >\u06336: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u061f<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/blog\/pcb-manufacturing-process-flow\/#Conclusion\" >\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Detailed_Breakdown_of_Core_PCB_Manufacturing_Processes\"><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/ar\/\">\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Panel_Cutting_CUT_The_Precision_Starting_Point\"><\/span>1.\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 (CUT):\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629.\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/strong>: \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f FR-4 (\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0632)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 (\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 (\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 (\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c)<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/strong>: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u00b1 0.10 \u0645\u0645<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f\/\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Inner_Layer_Dry_Film_Imaging_Creating_Precise_Circuit_Patterns\"><\/span>2. \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641\u0629: \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629:<\/p><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Surface_Preparation_Panel_Scrubbing\"><\/span>\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d (\u0641\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/li>\n\n<li>\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629: \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0646 5-10 \u0645\u0645\u060c \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 Ra 0.3-0.5 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/li><\/ul><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dry_Film_Lamination\"><\/span>\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629:\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 100-120 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637: 0.4 - 0.6 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629: 1.0-1.5 \u0645\/\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/li><\/ul><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Exposure\"><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a 365 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631) \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629: 5-10 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0645\u00b2<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644: \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u00b1 25 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/li><\/ul><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Development\"><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 1% \u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629: 28-32 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630: 1.5- 2.5 \u0628\u0627\u0631<\/li><\/ul><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Etching\"><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0634<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a (CuCl2+HCl) \u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0634\u0648\u0641<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a)&gt;3.0<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u00b1 10%<\/li><\/ul><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Strip\"><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 3-5% \u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629: 45-55 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a: 60-90 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/strong>:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\/\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u2265 3 \u0645\u0644 (0.075 \u0645\u0645)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0634<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Brown_Oxide_Treatment_Enhancing_Interlayer_Bonding\"><\/span>3.\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a:\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632 (PP):<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong>: \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong>:<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629: 30-40\u00b0C<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a: 1.5-3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633: 0.3-0.8 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/strong>:<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 (\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u226530 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0634\u064a\u0631 (\u22651.0 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646\/\u0645\u0645)<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/strong>:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d<\/li>\n\n<li>\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 8 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Lamination_Forming_Multilayer_Structures\"><\/span>4.\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d:\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 (PP) \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/strong>:<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b 1\/3 \u0623\u0648\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0648 1\/2 \u0623\u0648\u0646\u0635\u0629)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \uff0c 1080\u060c 2116\u060c 7628 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0648\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629: 170-190\u00b0C<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637: 15-25 \u0643\u062c\u0645\/\u0633\u0645\u00b2<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a: 90-180 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 (\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0647)<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/strong>:<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646: 2-3 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629\/\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f: 1-2 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629\/\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a: \u2264100 \u0645\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0631<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/strong>:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \uff0c \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 8 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a: 1-2-3-4-4-4-3-3-2-1)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \uff0c \u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"402\" src=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/High-Frequency-PCB-3.jpg\" alt=\"\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\" class=\"wp-image-2759\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/High-Frequency-PCB-3.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/High-Frequency-PCB-3-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/High-Frequency-PCB-3-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Drilling_Creating_Precision_Interconnects\"><\/span>5.\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631:\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>\u064a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631<\/strong>:<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a (\u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u22650.15 \u0645\u0645)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 (\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 (\u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621)<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646: 80,000-150,000 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629:1.5-4.0 \u0645\/\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628: 10-20 \u0645\/\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/strong>:<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u226425 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u00b1 0.05 \u0645\u0645<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u0648\u0621\u0627\u062a<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627<\/strong>:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0646\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644\/\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Electroless_Copper_Deposition_PTH_Critical_Hole_Metallization\"><\/span>6. \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a (PTH): \u062a\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631:<\/p><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"PTH_Process_Flow\"><\/span>\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 PTH<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4><ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631<\/strong>: \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a<\/strong>:<\/li><\/ol><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629: 25-32 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a: 15-25 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633: 0.3-0.8 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/li><\/ul><ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d<\/strong>:<\/li><\/ol><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: 1.5- 2.5 \u0623\u0633\u064a \u062f\u064a<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a: 30-45 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633: 5-8 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/strong>:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u22659 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 (\u226590% \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a (288 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c 10 \u062b\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064d) \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u2264300 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\/\u0633\u0645<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_Outer_Layer_Pattern_Transfer\"><\/span>7.\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629:<\/p><ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 (\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 0.5-1 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633)<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641<\/strong>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636<\/strong>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 LDI (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631<\/strong>: \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637<\/strong>:<\/li><\/ol><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633: 20-25 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 (\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u062f\u064a\u06313-5 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 (\u0643\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631)<\/li><\/ul><ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637<\/strong>\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0634<\/strong>: \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647<\/li><\/ol><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639:\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 10-20%)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621:\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a: \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8_Solder_Mask_Circuit_Protection_Layer\"><\/span>8.\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645: \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>\u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0647:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/strong>:<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629:\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634:\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629: \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:<\/li><\/ul><ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0634\u064a\u0646)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 (75 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c 20-30 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 (300-500 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0645\u00b2)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 (1\u066a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (150 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c 30-60 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629)<\/li><\/ol><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/strong>:<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u22656H (\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642: \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 100% \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642 3M<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645: 288 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c 10 \u062b\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064d\u060c 3 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/strong>:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u062c\u0633\u0631 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u22650.1 \u0645\u0645<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 BGA: \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 0.05 \u0645\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"9_Surface_Finish_Balancing_Solderability_and_Durability\"><\/span>9.\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629:<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628<\/th><th>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>HASL<\/td><td>1-25 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/td><td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629<\/td><td>\u062a\u0633\u0637\u064a\u062d \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ENIG<\/td><td>\u0646\u064a3-5 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\/\u0635\u0641\u0631 0.05-0.1 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/td><td>\u062a\u0633\u0637\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/td><td>\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/td><td>\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>OSP<\/td><td>0.2-0.5 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/td><td>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/td><td>\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 (6 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631)<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0625\u064a\u0645 \u0622\u063a<\/td><td>0.1-0.3 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/td><td>\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/td><td>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0637\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u062e\u0627\u0635<\/td><td>\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ENEPIG<\/td><td>Ni3-5\u03bcm\/Pd0.05-0.1\u03bcm\/Au0.03-0.05\u03bcm<\/td><td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/td><td>\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p><strong>\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631<\/strong>:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629:HASL \u0623\u0648 OSP<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629:ENIG<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629:Imm Ag \u0623\u0648 OSP<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641: \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a \u0635\u0644\u0628 (1-3 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631)<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"402\" src=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/SMT-3.jpg\" alt=\"\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\" class=\"wp-image-2736\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/SMT-3.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/SMT-3-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/SMT-3-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"10_Routing_Precision_Outline_Fabrication\"><\/span>10.\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647:\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0637\u0631\u0642:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a<\/strong>:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629: \u00b1 0.10 \u0645\u0645<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629: 1.0 \u0645\u0645<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629: \u22650.5 \u0645\u0645<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 V-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644<\/strong>:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629: 30 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0648 45 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a: 1\/3 \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b 0.3-0.5 \u0645\u0645)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639: \u00b1 0.10 \u0645\u0645<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631<\/strong>:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629: \u00b1 0.05 \u0645\u0645<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0642: 0.2 \u0645\u0645<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/strong>:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u22650.3 \u0645\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0623\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a DXF \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0634\u0637\u0648\u0641\u0629 (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b 20-45 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629) \u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"11_Electrical_Testing_Final_Quality_Gate\"><\/span>11.\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a: \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/strong>:<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631:\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a:\u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a): \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/strong>:<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 100%<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b 500 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0642\u0629 (\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645)<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/strong>:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d:\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0629 (\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629:\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0642\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"12_Final_Inspection_Packaging\"><\/span>12. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634<\/strong>:<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a: \u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634\u060c \u0628\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f:\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a:\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629: \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641<\/strong>:<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 (\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 (\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0648\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 (\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 (\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629)<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646<\/strong>:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>IPC-A-600G \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 2 (\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a)<\/li>\n\n<li>IPC-A-600G \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 3 (\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"PCB_Manufacturing_FAQ_Q_A\"><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 (\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0628\u0629)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q1_Why_does_my_PCB_experience_copper_peeling_after_soldering\"><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 1: \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u061f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:<\/p><ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 (\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u062f\u064a\u0621 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \uff0c \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645<\/li><\/ol><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644<\/strong>:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 (260 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c 5 \u062b\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064d)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 (288 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c 10 \u062b\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064d\u060c 3 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a)<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q2_How_to_address_layer-to-layer_misregistration_in_multilayer_PCBs\"><\/span>\u06332: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a\u061f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p><strong>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626<\/strong>:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f\/\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646<\/strong>:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 (3 \u0643\u062d\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f)<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 LDI \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 CTE<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q3_How_to_resolve_rough_hole_walls_in_small_holes\"><\/span>\u06333: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 (0.2 \u0645\u0645)\u061f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0628<\/strong>:<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \uff0c \u0646\u0648\u0639 UC)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 130-140 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 35-40 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/strong>:<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 120,000-150,000<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1.0-1.5 \u0645\u062a\u0631\/\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644 500 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629<\/strong>:<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a)<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629<\/strong>:<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q4_How_should_solder_mask_openings_be_designed_for_BGA_areas\"><\/span>\u06334: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 BGA\u061f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/strong>:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>BGA \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 0.05 \u0645\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u062c\u0633\u0631 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 0.1 \u0645\u0645<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 (NSMD)<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>BGA \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 BGA (\u22640.5 \u0645\u0645)<\/strong>:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b (0.02-0.03 \u0645\u0645) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 SMD (\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 LDI (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631)<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/strong>:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0642 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a BGA<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 10-15 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0633\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/strong>:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0643 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645:\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062c\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629:\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642\u0629: \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a LDI<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q5_Why_does_ENIG_plating_sometimes_result_in_%E2%80%9CBlack_Pad%E2%80%9D_How_to_prevent_it\"><\/span>\u06335: \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d ENIG \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621&#8220;\u061f \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u061f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/strong>:<br>\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a ENIG\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a (\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 7-9%)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 (&gt; 0.15 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 (\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645)<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 4.5-5.5<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0647 0.05-0.10 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0633 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641)<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0635 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 (&gt; 5 \u0643\u062c\u0645\/\u0645\u0645\u00b2)<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 ENEPIG (\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0637\u0633)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q6_How_to_address_signal_integrity_issues_in_high-speed_PCBs\"><\/span>\u06336: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u061f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643<\/strong>:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/strong>:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 Dk (\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 Df (\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u062f)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0621 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \uff0c HVLP)<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/strong>:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0642\u0629 (\u00b110%)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u062a\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0630\u0631\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0629<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/strong>:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 (\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u00b1 15 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a (\u00b1 10\u066a)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d (\u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 Imm Ag \u0623\u0648 OSP)<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/strong>:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a (TDR)<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\/\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 (\u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629)<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a 10 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629:\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a Df&amp;lt\u061b 0.010<\/li>\n\n<li>28 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629+:\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f Megtron6 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0632<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0642\u0629:50 \u0623\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u060c 100 \u0623\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644)<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><p>\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 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