<\/span><\/h3>\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 (\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628) \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627:<\/p>
- \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/strong>: \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a FR-4\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0644 (FR-1 \u0623\u0648 FR-2).<\/li>\n\n
- \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0643 35 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 (1 \u0623\u0648\u0646\u0635\u0629) \u0623\u0648 18 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 (0.5 \u0623\u0648\u0646\u0635\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u063a\u0637\u0649 \u0628\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631) \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0635\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n
- \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/strong>: \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 HASL (\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646)\u060c \u0623\u0648 OSP (\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a.<\/li><\/ul>
<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/span><\/h3>\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a (\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0646) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b:<\/p>
- \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/strong>FR-4 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 35 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 18 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u0643\u064b\u0627 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 2 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631) \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/strong>: \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0629 (PTHs) \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628<\/strong>: \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 ENIG (\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0637\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0637\u0633\u0629.<\/li><\/ul>
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/strong>: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 30-50% \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0646.<\/p><\/span>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/span><\/h2><\/span>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/span><\/h3>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627:<\/p>
- \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631<\/strong>: \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637\u061b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637<\/strong>: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u062b\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0634<\/strong>: \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n\n
- \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645<\/strong>\u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647.<\/li>\n\n
- \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/strong>: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 HASL \u0623\u0648 OSP \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635<\/strong>: \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/li><\/ol>
<\/span>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/span><\/h3>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644:<\/p>
- \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0646<\/strong>: \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629<\/strong>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0641\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631<\/strong>: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u062d.<\/li>\n\n
- \u062a\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628<\/strong>: \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0646<\/strong>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u00b1 0.05 \u0645\u0645).<\/li>\n\n
- \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0634<\/strong>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631.<\/li>\n\n
- \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645<\/strong>: \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644.<\/li>\n\n
- \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/strong>: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631) \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644.<\/li><\/ol>
\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 20-30% \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p><\/span>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/span><\/h2><\/span>\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/span><\/h3>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>
- \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647<\/strong>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u062d\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n\n
- \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0631\u064a\u0636<\/strong>: \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a” \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639<\/strong>: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0635<\/strong>: \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u22650.2 \u0645\u0645).<\/li>\n\n
- \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/strong>: \u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\/\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629&8217;\/\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b 0.15 \u0645\u0645 \/ 0.15 \u0645\u0645).<\/li><\/ul>
<\/span>\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/span><\/h3>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629:<\/p>
- \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/strong>: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n
- \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong>: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0636\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631.<\/li>\n\n
- \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 EMC<\/strong>: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/strong>: \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 (\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d: \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u22648:1) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/li><\/ul>
\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/strong>: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a EDA \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 Altium Designer \u0623\u0648 Cadence\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Eagle \u0623\u0648 KiCad.<\/p>![\"\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a](\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/PCB-Design-5.jpg\")
<\/figure><\/div><\/span>\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/span><\/h2><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/span><\/h3>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a:<\/p>
- \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/strong>: \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a LED\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u062e\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u062e.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/strong>: \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\/ \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong>: \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li><\/ul>
\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629<\/strong>: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 20 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 10 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632.<\/p><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/span><\/h3>\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b:<\/p>
- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/strong>: \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 (PLC)\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong>: \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631<\/strong>\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629<\/li>\n\n
- \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong>: \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 (ECUs)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/strong>: \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a<\/strong>: \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a.<\/li><\/ul>
\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>- \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.<\/li>\n\n
- \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 10 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632.<\/li>\n\n
- \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f (EMC).<\/li>\n\n
- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li><\/ol>
<\/span>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/h2><\/span>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/span><\/h3>- \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0642\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642) \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0643\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644.<\/li>\n\n
- \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/li><\/ul>
<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/h3>- \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong>: \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n\n
- \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/strong>: \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 CTE (\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a).<\/li><\/ul>
<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a<\/span><\/h3>- \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a<\/strong>: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.<\/li>\n\n
- \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a<\/strong>: \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n