{"id":3653,"date":"2025-07-18T08:28:00","date_gmt":"2025-07-18T00:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/?p=3653"},"modified":"2025-07-17T19:54:51","modified_gmt":"2025-07-17T11:54:51","slug":"how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/pt\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/","title":{"rendered":"Como testar resist\u00eancias numa placa de circuito impresso?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_74 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/pt\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#1_Safety_Preparations\" >1. Safety Preparations<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/pt\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#2_Multimeter_Selection\" >2. Multimeter Selection<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/pt\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#Recommended_Digital_Multimeter_Specifications\" >Recommended Digital Multimeter Specifications<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/pt\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#Range_Selection_Guidelines\" >Range Selection Guidelines<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/pt\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#3_Key_Measurement_Techniques\" >3. Key Measurement Techniques<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/pt\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#Offline_Measurement_Recommended_Method\" >Offline Measurement (Recommended Method)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/pt\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#Online_Measurement_Emergency_Method\" >Online Measurement (Emergency Method)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/pt\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#4_Error_Analysis_and_Quality_Control\" >4. Error Analysis and Quality Control<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/pt\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#Common_Error_Sources\" >Common Error Sources<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/pt\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#Quality_Assessment_Standards\" >Quality Assessment Standards<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/pt\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#5_Advanced_Application_Techniques\" >5. Advanced Application Techniques<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/pt\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#Precision_Resistor_Measurement\" >Precision Resistor Measurement<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/pt\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#Special_Resistor_Testing\" >Special Resistor Testing<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/pt\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#Batch_Testing_Solutions\" >Batch Testing Solutions<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Safety_Preparations\"><\/span>1. Safety Preparations<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><p>Safety is always the top priority when performing any electronic measurements. For PCB <a href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/blog\/the-resistor\/\">resistor<\/a> testing, you must:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Complete Power Disconnection<\/strong>: Unplug all power sources, including batteries and power adapters<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Discharge Treatment<\/strong>: Discharge high-capacity capacitors (use a 10k\u03a9\/5W resistor for discharge)<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>ESD Protection<\/strong>: Wear an anti-static wristband and use an anti-static mat on the workbench<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Environment Check<\/strong>: Ensure the workspace is dry, well-ventilated, and maintains 30-70% relative humidity<\/li><\/ul><blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Pro Tip: For high-voltage circuit boards (&gt;60V), wait at least 5 minutes to ensure complete discharge before proceeding<\/p><\/blockquote><div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"402\" src=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors.jpg\" alt=\"test resistors\" class=\"wp-image-3654\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Multimeter_Selection\"><\/span>2. Multimeter Selection<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><p>Choosing the right measurement instrument directly impacts the accuracy of test results:<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Recommended_Digital_Multimeter_Specifications\"><\/span>Recommended Digital Multimeter Specifications<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Basic Requirements<\/strong>:<\/li>\n\n<li>Accuracy: At least \u00b10.5% + 3 digits<\/li>\n\n<li>Resistance Range: 200\u03a9 &#8211; 20M\u03a9<\/li>\n\n<li>Test Current: &lt;1mA (to avoid damaging sensitive components)<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Advanced Options<\/strong>:<\/li>\n\n<li>4-wire Kelvin measurement (eliminates lead resistance effects)<\/li>\n\n<li>Auto-ranging capability<\/li>\n\n<li>Data logging function<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Range_Selection_Guidelines\"><\/span>Range Selection Guidelines<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Nominal Resistance<\/th><th>Recommended Range<\/th><th>Resolution<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>&lt;200\u03a9<\/td><td>200\u03a9 range<\/td><td>0.1\u03a9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>200\u03a9-2k\u03a9<\/td><td>2k\u03a9 range<\/td><td>1\u03a9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2k\u03a9-20k\u03a9<\/td><td>20k\u03a9 range<\/td><td>10\u03a9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&gt;20k\u03a9<\/td><td>Auto-range<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"402\" src=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors-3.jpg\" alt=\"test resistors\" class=\"wp-image-3655\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors-3.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors-3-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors-3-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Key_Measurement_Techniques\"><\/span>3. Key Measurement Techniques<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Offline_Measurement_Recommended_Method\"><\/span>Offline Measurement (Recommended Method)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Component Isolation<\/strong>:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Use a desoldering pump or hot air gun to remove one end of the resistor<\/li>\n\n<li>For SMD resistors, gently lift one end with tweezers<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Contact Method<\/strong>:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Through-hole resistors: Place probes perpendicular to the leads<\/li>\n\n<li>SMD resistors: Use fine-point probes (0.5mm diameter ideal)<\/li>\n\n<li>Miniature components: Recommended to use test hooks<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Reading Interpretation<\/strong>:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Normal value: Within \u00b1 tolerance of nominal value<\/li>\n\n<li>Abnormal conditions:<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>&#8220;OL&#8221; display: Open circuit failure<\/li>\n\n<li>Near 0\u03a9: Short circuit failure<\/li>\n\n<li>Unstable fluctuation: Internal poor contact<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Online_Measurement_Emergency_Method\"><\/span>Online Measurement (Emergency Method)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Equivalent Circuit Analysis<\/strong>:<br>Draw a partial circuit diagram, calculate the parallel equivalent resistance<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Voltage Drop Method<\/strong>:<br>Measure voltage (V) across the resistor, use known current (I) to calculate R=V\/I<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Comparison Method<\/strong>:<br>Measure identical resistors in the same circuit as a reference<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Error_Analysis_and_Quality_Control\"><\/span>4. Error Analysis and Quality Control<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Common_Error_Sources\"><\/span>Common Error Sources<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Error Type<\/th><th>Impact Level<\/th><th>Solution<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Contact Resistance<\/td><td>\u00b1(1-10\u03a9)<\/td><td>Use a 4-wire measurement<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Temperature Drift<\/td><td>\u00b10.4%\/\u00b0C<\/td><td>Record the ambient temperature and compensate<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EMI Interference<\/td><td>Random error<\/td><td>Use shielded test leads<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Probe Oxidation<\/td><td>+5% error<\/td><td>Regularly clean probe tips<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quality_Assessment_Standards\"><\/span>Quality Assessment Standards<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>Per IPC-A-600G standard:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Pass: Measured value within \u00b110% of nominal value (standard resistors)<\/li>\n\n<li>Fail:<\/li>\n\n<li>Resistance exceeds \u00b110%<\/li>\n\n<li>Unstable readings (>5% variation)<\/li>\n\n<li>Physical damage (cracks, burn marks, etc.)<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"402\" src=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors-2.jpg\" alt=\"test resistors\" class=\"wp-image-3656\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors-2.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors-2-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors-2-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Advanced_Application_Techniques\"><\/span>5. Advanced Application Techniques<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Precision_Resistor_Measurement\"><\/span>Precision Resistor Measurement<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Constant Current Method: Use a 1mA current source + a high-precision voltmeter<\/li>\n\n<li>Temperature Compensation: Record ambient temperature, convert using formula R25=Rt\/[1+\u03b1(T-25)]<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Special_Resistor_Testing\"><\/span>Special Resistor Testing<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Fusible Resistors<\/strong>: Requires overcurrent testing after measurement<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>NTC\/PTC<\/strong>: Measure the resistance curve at different temperatures<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>High-Voltage Resistors<\/strong>: Use an insulation tester (500V DC)<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Batch_Testing_Solutions\"><\/span>Batch Testing Solutions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Automated test fixture + multiplex scanner<\/li>\n\n<li>Statistical analysis of CPK values (requirement >1.33)<\/li><\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Um m\u00e9todo profissional para testar resist\u00eancias de PCB utilizando um mult\u00edmetro, abrangendo normas de seguran\u00e7a, sele\u00e7\u00e3o de instrumentos e passos de medi\u00e7\u00e3o espec\u00edficos. Esta an\u00e1lise detalhada inclui t\u00e9cnicas de medi\u00e7\u00e3o offline\/online, an\u00e1lise de fontes de erro e crit\u00e9rios de avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de qualidade de acordo com as normas IPC, bem como t\u00e9cnicas de medi\u00e7\u00e3o de resist\u00eancias de precis\u00e3o e solu\u00e7\u00f5es de teste de lotes.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3657,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"test resistors","_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"PCB Resistor Testing Methods: Multimeter Measurement, Error Analysis Methods, and Quality Control Standards. It covers measuring circuits online and offline, detecting resistors, and ensuring your work aligns with IPC standards. This helps you to spot circuit faults.","footnotes":""},"categories":[109],"tags":[325,324],"class_list":["post-3653","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-faq","tag-resistors","tag-test-resistors"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to test resistors on a PCB board? - Topfastpcb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"PCB Resistor Testing Methods: Multimeter Measurement, Error Analysis Methods, and Quality Control Standards. It covers measuring circuits online and offline, detecting resistors, and ensuring your work aligns with IPC standards. 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