{"id":3653,"date":"2025-07-18T08:28:00","date_gmt":"2025-07-18T00:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/?p=3653"},"modified":"2025-07-17T19:54:51","modified_gmt":"2025-07-17T11:54:51","slug":"how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/sv\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/","title":{"rendered":"Hur testar man resistorer p\u00e5 ett kretskort?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_74 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Inneh\u00e5llsf\u00f6rteckning<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/sv\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#1_Safety_Preparations\" >1. S\u00e4kerhetsf\u00f6rberedelser<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/sv\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#2_Multimeter_Selection\" >2. Val av multimeter<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/sv\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#Recommended_Digital_Multimeter_Specifications\" >Rekommenderade specifikationer f\u00f6r digital multimeter<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/sv\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#Range_Selection_Guidelines\" >Riktlinjer f\u00f6r val av sortiment<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/sv\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#3_Key_Measurement_Techniques\" >3. Viktiga m\u00e4ttekniker<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/sv\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#Offline_Measurement_Recommended_Method\" >Offline-m\u00e4tning (rekommenderad metod)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/sv\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#Online_Measurement_Emergency_Method\" >Online-m\u00e4tning (Emergency Method)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/sv\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#4_Error_Analysis_and_Quality_Control\" >4. Felanalys och kvalitetskontroll<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/sv\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#Common_Error_Sources\" >Vanliga felk\u00e4llor<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/sv\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#Quality_Assessment_Standards\" >Standarder f\u00f6r kvalitetsbed\u00f6mning<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/sv\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#5_Advanced_Application_Techniques\" >5. Avancerad applikationsteknik<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/sv\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#Precision_Resistor_Measurement\" >Precisionsm\u00e4tning av resistorer<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/sv\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#Special_Resistor_Testing\" >Specialprovning av resistorer<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/sv\/blog\/how-to-test-resistors-on-a-pcb-board\/#Batch_Testing_Solutions\" >L\u00f6sningar f\u00f6r batch-testning<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Safety_Preparations\"><\/span>1. S\u00e4kerhetsf\u00f6rberedelser<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><p>S\u00e4kerheten \u00e4r alltid h\u00f6gsta prioritet n\u00e4r man utf\u00f6r elektroniska m\u00e4tningar. F\u00f6r PCB <a href=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/sv\/blog\/the-resistor\/\">Motst\u00e5nd<\/a> testning, du m\u00e5ste:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Fullst\u00e4ndig bortkoppling av str\u00f6mf\u00f6rs\u00f6rjningen<\/strong>: Koppla ur alla str\u00f6mk\u00e4llor, inklusive batterier och n\u00e4tadaptrar<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Behandling vid utskrivning<\/strong>: Urladdning av kondensatorer med h\u00f6g kapacitet (anv\u00e4nd ett 10k\u03a9\/5W motst\u00e5nd f\u00f6r urladdning)<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>ESD-skydd<\/strong>: B\u00e4r ett antistatiskt armband och anv\u00e4nd en antistatisk matta p\u00e5 arbetsb\u00e4nken<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Kontroll av milj\u00f6n<\/strong>: Se till att arbetsytan \u00e4r torr, v\u00e4l ventilerad och h\u00e5ller en relativ luftfuktighet p\u00e5 30-70%<\/li><\/ul><blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Proffstips: F\u00f6r kretskort med h\u00f6g sp\u00e4nning (&gt;60V), v\u00e4nta minst 5 minuter f\u00f6r att s\u00e4kerst\u00e4lla fullst\u00e4ndig urladdning innan du forts\u00e4tter<\/p><\/blockquote><div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"402\" src=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors.jpg\" alt=\"testmotst\u00e5nd\" class=\"wp-image-3654\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Multimeter_Selection\"><\/span>2. Val av multimeter<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><p>Valet av r\u00e4tt m\u00e4tinstrument har en direkt inverkan p\u00e5 testresultatens noggrannhet:<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Recommended_Digital_Multimeter_Specifications\"><\/span>Rekommenderade specifikationer f\u00f6r digital multimeter<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Grundl\u00e4ggande krav<\/strong>:<\/li>\n\n<li>Noggrannhet: Minst \u00b10,5% + 3 siffror<\/li>\n\n<li>Resistansomr\u00e5de: 200\u03a9 - 20M\u03a9<\/li>\n\n<li>Teststr\u00f6m: &lt;1mA (f\u00f6r att undvika skador p\u00e5 k\u00e4nsliga komponenter)<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Avancerade alternativ<\/strong>:<\/li>\n\n<li>4-tr\u00e5ds Kelvin-m\u00e4tning (eliminerar effekter av ledningsmotst\u00e5nd)<\/li>\n\n<li>Kapacitet f\u00f6r automatisk avst\u00e4ngning<\/li>\n\n<li>Funktion f\u00f6r dataloggning<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Range_Selection_Guidelines\"><\/span>Riktlinjer f\u00f6r val av sortiment<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Nominell resistans<\/th><th>Rekommenderat intervall<\/th><th>Uppl\u00f6sning<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>&lt;200\u03a9<\/td><td>200\u03a9 intervall<\/td><td>0.1\u03a9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>200\u03a9-2k\u03a9<\/td><td>2k\u03a9 intervall<\/td><td>1\u03a9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2k\u03a9-20k\u03a9<\/td><td>20k\u03a9-omr\u00e5de<\/td><td>10\u03a9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&gt;20k\u03a9<\/td><td>Automatisk r\u00e4ckvidd<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"402\" src=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors-3.jpg\" alt=\"testmotst\u00e5nd\" class=\"wp-image-3655\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors-3.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors-3-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors-3-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Key_Measurement_Techniques\"><\/span>3. Viktiga m\u00e4ttekniker<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Offline_Measurement_Recommended_Method\"><\/span>Offline-m\u00e4tning (rekommenderad metod)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Isolering av komponenter<\/strong>:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Anv\u00e4nd en avl\u00f6dningspump eller varmluftspistol f\u00f6r att ta bort ena \u00e4nden av motst\u00e5ndet<\/li>\n\n<li>F\u00f6r SMD-resistorer, lyft f\u00f6rsiktigt ena \u00e4nden med en pincett<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Kontaktmetod<\/strong>:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Resistorer med genomg\u00e5ende h\u00e5l: Placera proberna vinkelr\u00e4tt mot ledningarna<\/li>\n\n<li>SMD-resistorer: Anv\u00e4nd finspetsiga prober (idealisk diameter 0,5 mm)<\/li>\n\n<li>Komponenter i miniatyr: Rekommenderad anv\u00e4ndning av testkrokar<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Tolkning av l\u00e4sning<\/strong>:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Normalt v\u00e4rde: Inom \u00b1 tolerans av nominellt v\u00e4rde<\/li>\n\n<li>Onormala f\u00f6rh\u00e5llanden:<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\"OL\"-display: Fel vid \u00f6ppen krets<\/li>\n\n<li>N\u00e4ra 0\u03a9: Kortslutningsfel<\/li>\n\n<li>Instabila fluktuationer: Intern d\u00e5lig kontakt<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Online_Measurement_Emergency_Method\"><\/span>Online-m\u00e4tning (Emergency Method)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Analys av ekvivalenta kretsar<\/strong>:<br>Rita ett partiellt kretsschema, ber\u00e4kna det parallella ekvivalenta motst\u00e5ndet<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Metod f\u00f6r sp\u00e4nningsfall<\/strong>:<br>M\u00e4t sp\u00e4nningen (V) \u00f6ver motst\u00e5ndet, anv\u00e4nd k\u00e4nd str\u00f6m (I) f\u00f6r att ber\u00e4kna R=V\/I<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>J\u00e4mf\u00f6relsemetod<\/strong>:<br>M\u00e4t identiska resistorer i samma krets som referens<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Error_Analysis_and_Quality_Control\"><\/span>4. Felanalys och kvalitetskontroll<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Common_Error_Sources\"><\/span>Vanliga felk\u00e4llor<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Typ av fel<\/th><th>P\u00e5verkansniv\u00e5<\/th><th>L\u00f6sning<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Kontaktmotst\u00e5nd<\/td><td>\u00b1(1-10\u03a9)<\/td><td>Anv\u00e4nd en 4-tr\u00e5dsm\u00e4tning<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Temperaturdrift<\/td><td>\u00b10,4%\/\u00b0C<\/td><td>Registrera omgivningstemperaturen och kompensera<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EMI-st\u00f6rningar<\/td><td>Slumpm\u00e4ssigt fel<\/td><td>Anv\u00e4nd sk\u00e4rmade m\u00e4tsladdar<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Oxidation av prober<\/td><td>+5% fel<\/td><td>Reng\u00f6r sondspetsarna regelbundet<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quality_Assessment_Standards\"><\/span>Standarder f\u00f6r kvalitetsbed\u00f6mning<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>Enligt IPC-A-600G-standarden:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Godk\u00e4nd: Uppm\u00e4tt v\u00e4rde inom \u00b110% av nominellt v\u00e4rde (standardresistorer)<\/li>\n\n<li>Misslyckas:<\/li>\n\n<li>Resistansen \u00f6verstiger \u00b110%<\/li>\n\n<li>Instabila avl\u00e4sningar (&gt;5%-variation)<\/li>\n\n<li>Fysiska skador (sprickor, br\u00e4nnm\u00e4rken etc.)<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"402\" src=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors-2.jpg\" alt=\"testmotst\u00e5nd\" class=\"wp-image-3656\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors-2.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors-2-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.topfastpcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/test-resistors-2-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Advanced_Application_Techniques\"><\/span>5. Avancerad applikationsteknik<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Precision_Resistor_Measurement\"><\/span>Precisionsm\u00e4tning av resistorer<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Metod f\u00f6r konstant str\u00f6m: Anv\u00e4nd en str\u00f6mk\u00e4lla p\u00e5 1 mA + en h\u00f6gprecisionsvoltmeter<\/li>\n\n<li>Temperaturkompensation: Registrera omgivningstemperaturen och konvertera med formeln R25=Rt\/[1+\u03b1(T-25)].<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Special_Resistor_Testing\"><\/span>Specialprovning av resistorer<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Sm\u00e4ltbara motst\u00e5nd<\/strong>: Kr\u00e4ver \u00f6verstr\u00f6msprovning efter m\u00e4tning<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>NTC\/PTC<\/strong>: M\u00e4t resistanskurvan vid olika temperaturer<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>H\u00f6gsp\u00e4nningsresistorer<\/strong>: Anv\u00e4nd en isolationstestare (500V DC)<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Batch_Testing_Solutions\"><\/span>L\u00f6sningar f\u00f6r batch-testning<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Automatiserad testfixtur + multiplexskanner<\/li>\n\n<li>Statistisk analys av CPK-v\u00e4rden (krav &gt;1,33)<\/li><\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En professionell metod f\u00f6r att testa PCB-resistorer med hj\u00e4lp av en multimeter, som omfattar s\u00e4kerhetsstandarder, instrumentval och specifika m\u00e4tsteg. Den detaljerade analysen omfattar m\u00e4tteknik offline\/online, analys av felk\u00e4llor och kriterier f\u00f6r kvalitetsbed\u00f6mning i enlighet med IPC-standarder samt m\u00e4tteknik f\u00f6r precisionsresistorer och l\u00f6sningar f\u00f6r batchprovning.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3657,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[109],"tags":[325,324],"class_list":["post-3653","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-faq","tag-resistors","tag-test-resistors"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to test resistors on a PCB board? - Topfastpcb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"PCB Resistor Testing Methods: Multimeter Measurement, Error Analysis Methods, and Quality Control Standards. 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